← Back to Wiki Home

Cardiovascular Disease Mortality

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major contributor to global mortality, with its incidence and prevalence increasing with age. Age-related deterioration of cardiovascular homeostasis is linked to cellular senescence, oxidative stress, insulin signaling dysregulation, autophagy impairment, and chronic inflammation.

Rejuvenation Strategies

Cellular rejuvenation approaches aim to counteract age-related CVD effects. Strategies include:

Biomarkers and CVD Mortality

Prognostic biomarkers like elevated blood pressure, diabetes, LDL cholesterol, and CRP indicate increased risk for cardiovascular events and mortality. Susceptibility/risk biomarkers such as CRP and LDL cholesterol identify individuals at risk of developing CVD. Validated surrogate endpoints like LDL cholesterol reduction and blood pressure reduction are directly related to preventing CVD mortality.

Physical Activity and CVD Mortality

Regular physical activity significantly reduces CVD mortality risk. Studies show that exceeding recommended exercise levels300 to 599 minutes weekly of moderate activity or 150 to 299 minutes of vigorous activity—lowers CVD mortality by 28% to 38% and 27% to 33%, respectively. Combining moderate and vigorous activity can reduce mortality risk by 35% to 42%.

Reprogramming-Induced Rejuvenation (RIR)

RIR aims to reverse cellular and organismal aging, holding potential for CVD outcomes. By rejuvenating cells, RIR could improve cardiovascular health through enhanced cellular function, tissue regeneration, reduced inflammation, and improved proteostasis. However, safety concerns like teratoma formation and oncogene activation require further research.

Conclusion

Addressing CVD mortality involves a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle interventions, cellular rejuvenation strategies, and biomarker-based risk assessment. While promising, these methods require further validation to safely translate into clinical practice.